ENGLISH GRAMMAR >>

[بر الأمان]

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الأعضاء الكرام ..

أسعد الله أوقاتكم بكل بخير ..

أخواني سوف نخصص هذه الصفحة هنا لشرح قواعد اللغة الانجليزية ..

يتم وضع القاعدة وشرح مبسط عنها مع بعض الأمثلة إن أمكن ..


أي عضو يحق له المشاركة بأي قاعدة يجد نفسه قادر على شرحها بطريقة مبسطة لتصل الفكرة ...


وإن شاء الله أن تعم الفائدة على الجميع ..


يعطيكم العافية مقدماً وجزاكم الله خيرا ..


أختكم ...

[بر الأمان]

PRESENT SIMPLE

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المضارع البسيط ..


استخداماته


نستخدم المضارع البسيط عند الحديث عن الحقائق

we use the present simple when we talk about facts

the earth goes roud the sun

نستخدم المضارع البسيط عندما نتحدث عن شيئ يحدث دائما

we use the present simple when we talk about something happens always

i go to school everyday

My father always gets up early


كيف يتركب المضارع البسيط


يتكون المضارع البسيط من الفعل الأصلي مع we ، they ، you ، i
بينما يضاف إليه S مع he ، she ، it


she plays basket-ball every-weekend

they play basket-ball every-weekend


النفي في المضارع البسيط


مع i ، you ، they ، we نستخدم don't بينما مع he ، she ، it نستخدم doesn’t

they don't drink coffee at night

she doesn't like tea


تكوين السؤال في المضارع البسيط


عندما يكون السؤال i ، we ، they ، you

يتكون السؤال من do + الفاعل + الفعل ..

do you speak english well ??

ومع he ، she ، it

does + الفاعل + الفعل

does she speak english well?

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[لحن الخلود]

hi bar al aman

this is really a great idea

thnx alot

nshalla i'll be back soon with a new english grammar

regards,,
la7n al 5olod

[المهندس]

Assalam Alikom

Bar Al Aman

Thanks sister for this effort

I think every one will get benefit from this topic

Wish you the best

[محمد سعود]

السلام عليكم

I hope all of you having a nice time

Bar Al Amaaan

Excellent idea & hoply all of us will share the discussion

Here I will try to summarize the

" Past Simple Tense"


الماضي البسيط ( Past Simple )

يستخدم هذا الزمن للتعبير عن حدث بدأ وانتهى في الماضي

من الكلمات التي تدل على هذا الزمن:
Yesterday – ago – last


كيفية تكوين الماضي البسيط

يتكون من التصريف الثاني للفعل وغالباً ما يكون بإضافة (ed) لمصدر الفعل ما عدا الافعال الشاذه

امثله:

Ahmed bought a new bike last year
The schoolboys played football
We worked until 5 p.m. yesterday

نفي الماضي البسيط:

يتم نفي الماضي البسيط بإستخدام التصريف الاول للفعل + didn't

مثال:

He cleaned the room
He didn't clean the room

تكوين السؤال:

مع did
yes, he played. Did he play ?
لاحظ ان الفعل مع did يكون في التصريف الاول

..

Was - Were الماضي لـ ( is , are, am )

Was

He was here yesterday.
Was he here yester day ?

Were

They were at school.
Were they at school?



Best regards

[اسير عيونها]

:r7: :r7:

Bar Al-Aman

you chosed a very important and basic

topic, which for sure, gave a clear idea

about it .... and special thanks

to dear

Mohammed Saoud

for his participation about the (paset Simple) hoping

everyone will get the idea

Best wishes

:r7: :r7:

[لحن الخلود]

hi everybody
first of all i want to thank Bar Al-Aman for this usefull idea,,its really a great one

and now i'll try to explane the Present Continuous tense.


Present Continuous

المضارع المستمر

نستخدم المضارع المستمر عندما نتحدث عن شيء يحصل الآن في نفس وقت الحديث

I am driving a car at this time.
I am going to bed now.
I am watching TV at this moment.

The rule :

i am + ing

he,she,it + is + ing

we,they,you + are + ing

لا يشترط أن يكون الحدث يحصل الآن من الممكن أن يكون يحصل في هذه الأيام

I want to work in London
so am studying English

ليس من الضروري أنني أتعلم الإنجليزية الآن بينما أنا في هذه الأيام أتعلمها.

verbs that are normally not used in the continuous tenses
بعض الأفعال التي لا نستخدمها عادة في المضارع المستمر

hear , see , smell , taste, sound, feal , seem, appear,look

other verbs such as agree , bilieve , suppose , understand , forget , know , remember , think , belong , own , possess , have , want , need

i hope that everything was clear

regards,,
la7n al 5olod

[صدى الوجدان]

Its a nice and useful idea

Thanks Bar Al Aman

Past continuous..

we use the past continuous when we talk that somebody was in the middle of doing something in the past..

نستخدم الماضي المستمر عندما نتحدث عن شيء استمر لمدة معينة في الماضي ..

- I was sleeping at 11 o'clock..

البارحة في الساعة الحادية عشراً كنت أشاهدالتلفاز .. (( في الماضي و لكنه مستمراً )) ..

I, He , She , It + was + ing ..

We, They, You + were + ing..

** يتكون النفي في الماضي البسيط بإضافة كلمة wasn’t أو weren’t قبل الفعل

she wasn't at home when i went there .

they weren't at home when the thief stole the gold .

**يتكون السؤال في الماضي المستمر بوضع was أو were قبل الفاعل.

what were you doing yesterday at 10 p.m?

We use the past simple and the past continuous together to talk about something happened in the middle of somthing else ..

نستخدم الماضي البسيط مع الماضي المستمر عندما نتكام عن شيئ حصل في وسط حدث آخر ..

I was cooking dinner when the phone rang ..

كنت أعد الغداء عندما رن الهاتف..

We saw an accident when we were waiting you ..

بعض الأفعال التي لا تستخدم في الماضي المستمر لا نستخدم معها ing ..

know, want, bilieve ..

We knew each other well

لا نسطتيع أن نقول

We were knowing each other well..



-I saw you in the center yesterday , you were sitting in the caffe ..

-I was talking with my friends when the teacher came..

- My sister was drinking water when I knocked the door ..

[بر الأمان]

Al mohandes :r7:, :r7: Aseer 3younha

و عليكم السلام و رحمة الله و بركاته

i hope that too ,

thanks allot for supporting , brothers..

i appreciate your passing ..

regards..



M7md so3ood :r7:, Sada al wejdan :r7: , la7n al5olood

thnx alot dear for your passing , i'm very glad that you joined us ..

thanks alot again for sharing .. hope that everybody will get benefits from everything ..

best wishes ..

all of respect for everyone passed by here ..

[بر الأمان]

present perfect

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المضارع التام ..


استخداماته ..

we use the present perfect when there is a connection with the action in the past but the result is now ..
( a period of time that continuous from the past until now .

نستخدم المضارع التام عندما نتحدث عن شي حدث في الماضي ومازال مستمراً حتى الآن ..

i have lost my jop**

she has givin up smoking **

كيف يتركب المضارع التام ..

i ,,we ,, they ,, you + have + past participle ( التصريف الثالث )

he ,, she ,, it + has + past participle ( التصريف الثالث )


*** the past participle end with ( ed ) but there are irregular verbs ( done ,, been ..) you have to study irregular verbs


where is your phone ?

i don't know i have lost it .


he told me his phone number but i have forgotten it .


we use present perfect to give information ..


i have cut my hair ..

the road is closed, there has been an accident .

النفي في المضارع التام ..

يكون النفي في المضارع التام بإضافة not إلى has or have

i have not drunk coffee today

she has not arrived yet

السؤال في المضارع التام .

يكون السؤال بوضع have , has مكان الفاعل والفاعل مكان has , have

has she arrived?

we use present perfect with this expressions

just , yet , never, ever, already , how long , so far , recently , since , today , this week , this month, in the last few days ..


would you like to drink coffee ?
no, thanx, i have just drunk coffee.

Don't tell anybody about our secret..
oh sorry, i have already told my brother ..

i have written the letter but i haven't posted it yet ..

we have never had a car..

have you visited cairo ?
no, i haven't been to cairo .




We use the present perfect with today, this morning ,this evening etc.. when these periods are not ended at the time of speaking..

- I haven't seen Eman today..
- Sara hasn't studied hard this week..
- They haven't played Basket-ball this evening ..


*We use the persent perfect when we want to talk about something has happened for the first time ..

- He has driven the car for the first time..





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[بر الأمان]

present perfect continuous

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Have has been + ing

I ,, WE ,, YOU ,, THEY + have + been + ing

HE ,, SHE ,, IT ,, + has + been + ing


We use present perfect continuous for any activity that has recently stopped or hust stopped >>

نستخدم المضارع التام المستمر لأي نشاط توقف حديثاً ..


** You are out ot breath , have you been running?

** Why are your clothes so dirty ? what have you been doing?


We often use present perfect continuous especially with ( how long , for , since ... ) the activity is still happening or has just stopped ..

عادة نستخدم المضارع التام المستمر خاصة مع هذه الكلمات

** How long have you been reading that book?

** She is still watching T.V. she has been watching T.V all day ..


We can wse present perfect continuous for action repeated over a period of time ..

يمكن استخدام المضارع التام المستمر للعمل المعاد على فترة زمنية ..

** Every morning they meet in the same caffee , they have been going there for years ..


**Have you been sitting in the sun? you look sun burnt.



Some verbs that normally not used in the continuous

know

I have known about it for along time >>not i have been knowing



(( like ,, love ,, hate ,, want ,, need ,, prefer ,, believe ,, know

realise ,, suppose ,, mean ,, understand ,, seem ,, remember ,,

belong ,, contain ,, consist ,, depend ))

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[بر الأمان]

Have & Have got

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We use have got rather than have alone ..

نستخدم have got أفضل من have وحدها ..

* We have a new home .. but rather you say
* We have got a new home ...

* She has got three brothers ,, and also you can say
* She has three brothers ..

* I have got a headache & I have a headache ..


For questions there is three possible forms ..

للسؤال هناك 3 أحتمالات ممكنه

* Have you got any money ?
*Do you have any money ?
* Have you money ?أقل الأستعمالات


* Has she got a job ?
* Does she have a job ?
* does she a job ? أقل الاستعمالات

When have means "possess " you cannot use continuous forms ' is haveing ,, are having '

عندما تعني الملكية لايمكننا استخدام ing أي المستمر ..


* I have got a headache or I have a headache BUT not a'm having


For the past usually we use had without " got "

In past questions and negative sentences we use did // didn't

* Did they have a car in 1990 ?

* I didn't have a watch, so i didn't know the time .

* she had a new job , didn't she ?

Have is also used for many actions and experiences " but not have got"

example

have
{{ breakfast , dinner , a cup of coffee , a bath , a shower , a swim , a rest , a party , a nice time , a baby, difficulty , trouble , fun }}

* Good bye ! i hope you have a nice time ..

* She has a baby .

we can say

* I usually have a sandwich for my lunch, " not have got "

but we say

* I have got some sandwich , would you like one ?

In questions and negative sentences we use do / does / did

في الأسئلة والنفي

* I don't usually have a big breakfast..

* What time does you have lunch

* Did you have any difficulty finding some where to live ?

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[ابتسامة العمر]

hi, thnx for this idea ..

i appriciate ur work and efforts all .. :) ..

i wont explane a new thing , i will make a new thing , it's like a small Quiz for u ..

i found a book for grammar , n i choosed these questions from it ..




يللا اتفرقوا .. ممنوع الغش :d ..

bar al aman and m7md s3ood , stop looking at sada al wejdan's paper , i caught u :p ..



- I'm tired . i ............ to bed now. (go

- The population of the world ........ very fast . (rise

- I want to lose weight , so this weak i ......... lunch. ( eat

- You ....... a lot of noise . xould you be quieter? i ........ concentrate . ( try

- Are you ready , yes i ........ ( come

- How is your English ? ........ better > ( it/ get

- My parents ......... in very small flat . ( live

- Bad driving ......... many accidents . ( cause

- What ....... ? ( you / do

- I don't understand thes sentence . what ....... this ( word / mean

- The earth ......... round the sun. ( go

- Bees ......... honey . ( make

- It's a nice day ..... we go out for a walk . ( suggest

- Don't put the dictionary away . i ........ it . ( need

- I was very thirsty. i ............ the water very quickly . (drink

- She wasn't hungry , so she ........ anything . ( eat

- I know he was very busy , so i ......... him. ( disturb

- The bed was very uncomfortable. i ....... very well. ( sleep

- The T.V was on but nobody .........

- What ........ ( you , do ) ? this time yesterday .

- We were in a very difficult position . we ........ what to do . ( not/ know

- When i was young, i ........ to be a doctor . ( want

- He is looking for his key. he cant find it he .......... ( lose

- This morning i was expecting a letter . now i have it the letter ......... ( arrive

- Would you lide sonething to eat?
No, thanks . i ............... lunch. ( just/ have

- Can i speak to Khalid plz .
OH .. i'm sorry ........... ( go out

- I need a newspaper yesterday but i ........ today .

- Our Football team won a lot of games last season but we .......

- She ....... English for tow years . ( learn

- Hello , Salem . i ......... for you all morning . where have been ? ( look

- She is very tired . she ...... very hard recently . ( work

- Where have you been ? ........... tennis ? ( you / play

- sorry i'm late . that's allright. i ................ long. ( not / wait

- He is a friend of mine .......... him for a long time . ( know

- He is a friend of mine .......... him for a very well . ( know )